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Geographic Conditions
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Quảng Nam is the coastal province located in the key economic area of the central Vietnam from latitude 14057’10’’ to 16003’50’’ and from longitude 107012’40’’ to 108044’20’’. It is 860 km from Hanoi in the north and 865 km from Ho Chi Minh City in the south. It is located on Highway No. 1 and No. 14 (from Danang to Kontum) and on the National Railway network. Quảng Nam province borders with Thua Thien Hue province and Danang City in the north, Quang Ngai province in the south, Kon Tum Province and the People’s Democratic Republic of Laos in the west.
Quảng Nam has fourteen districts and towns including eight mountainous districts: Đông Giang, Tây Giang, Nam Giang, Nam Trà My, Bắc Trà My, Phước Sơn, Hiệp Đức and Tiên Phước. Quảng Nam is 10,406,83 km2 with a population of around 1.5 million people. Quảng Nam’s edaphology consists of sand dunes and coastal sandy soil, alluvial soil, infertile soil, fine red clay, valley soil and exhausted soil. The most important is alluvial soil suitable for the cultivation of rice, short term industrial crops and vegetables.
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Quảng Nam’s edaphology consists of sand dunes and coastal sandy soil, alluvial soil, infertile soil, fine red clay, valley soil and exhausted soil. The most important is alluvial soil suitable for the cultivation of rice, short term industrial crops and vegetables.
The fine red yellow soil in the midland and mountainous areas is appropriate for planting trees, long term industrial plants, specialty trees and medicinal trees. Most land is used for agriculture and forestry. The industrialization process will change the structure of land. Quảng Nam will maintain agriculture land with high productivity and forest land that plays a protective role. Hill soil will be used in a sustainable manner as follows:
- Forest resources: The current natural forest area of Quảng Nam covers around 388.8 thousand ha with a wood reserve of 30 million m3 and 50 million m3 of bamboo trees. Ten thousand ha of rich forest is located in high mountainous areas where travel is difficult. Other forest areas are poor, medium and artificial forests with wood reserves of 69 m3/ha. In addition to wood (production can reach around 80,000 m3/year), there are other precious forest products including cinnamon and ginseng.
- Climate: The climate of Quảng Nam has two distinct seasons: the rainy season from September to December and the dry season from February to April. Quảng Nam has a tropical coastal highland climate with an average temperature of 25.4 degrees centigrade and an average annual rainfall of 2,580 mm. Most rain falls in the mountainous areas rather than the lowlands. Rain falling between September and December accounts for 80 percent of total annual rainfall. The rainy season coincides with the typhoon season causing landslides, floods in the midlands and mountainous districts and close to rivers.
- Water resources and hydroelectric: Quảng Nam province has a river system about 900km in length spread across all districts. The valley area of rivers is as follows: Vu Gia: 5,500km2, Thu Bồn 3,350 km2, Tam Kỳ 800 km2, Cu Đê 400km2, Tuý Loan 300 km2 and LiLi 280 km2. The rate of flow of Vu Gia is 400m3/ and is Thu Bồn 200m3/s. Quảng Nam is a favorable location for supplying water for agricultural production and other economic development. The flow of Quảng Nam’s rivers is always changing. The most important task is to build irrigation works upstream in combination with small and medium hydroelectric stations construction (hydroelectric Sông Tranh I, Sông Tranh II, Sông AVương, Sông Bung) aimed at restricting floods and supplying water to coastal plain areas in the dry season creating a sustainable foundation for agriculture, industry, tourism, urban and water development.
- Marine resource: Quảng Nam has a coastal line of 125 km with many nice According to Fishery Planning Institute statistics the southern midlands has fish reserves of 42 ??ten thousand yielding some 20 ten ??thousand tones per year including 7,000 tones of cuttle fish and 4,000 tones of sea shrimp. Quảng Nam has favorable conditions for developing offshore fishing and aquaculture potential at riversides, on the coast and at Cù Lao Chàm Island.
- Mineral resources: Quảng Nam is rich in mineral resources including coal at Nông Sơn with reserves of ten million tones. Ngọc Kinh coal mine has a reserve of four million tones but insufficient industrial exploitation capacity means the mine has not been worked since 1994. Gold is located in Bồng Miêu, Du Hiệp and Trà Dương. Bồng Miêu produces several hundred kilograms of gold per year. There are large reserves of industrial white sand at Thăng Bình and Núi Thành districts. Quảng Nam has already drilled 18 mineral water mines producing high quality fresh water. The southern provinces are also rich in metals, uranium and limestone. Other minerals such as coal, gold, titan, graphite, tin, limestone, granite, sand and mineral water are also located Quảng Nam.
- Sea Tourism resource: Quảng Nam has a coastline of 125 km with many nice beaches such as Điện Bàn, Hội An, Tam Kỳ. There are fifteen different big and small islands, ten lakes covering 6,000 ha and around 11,000 ha of forest surrounding the lakes and 40 islands. The beaches have a slight slope, soft sand, reasonable salinity, clean sea water and beauftiful air and have potential as tourist destinations. Other attractions include two World cultural Heritage sites (Hội An ancient town, Mỹ Sơn Holy land) and many other historical relics and cultural sites (around 61 tourism spots) with different kinds of cultural activities (such as classical theatre) and other architectural attractions such as Núi Thành. Traditional handicraft villages, rice fields and rivers provide the necessary elements for the development of countryside tourism.
With its favorable location Quảng Nam has advantages of economic cooperation and relations with other provinces in Viet Nam and in neighboring countries. Quảng is one of the few provinces with an airport, seaport, railway and national-highway. The Chulai open economic zone in the country was established in the province with preferential policies for investments
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